Chief Maquinna of the Nootkas did not see the world dynamic in a producer-product LOCAL SOURCING context, but saw humans as humanings within the Great Harmony. Meanwhile, immersion in the Great Harmony aka the transforming relational continuum aka the Wave-field, is ineffable-because-nonlocal.  In this understanding, because there is nothing LOCAL, there is no ATTRIBUTION of actions and developments since ATTRIBUTION is the inferring of a LOCAL SOURCE.

“ATTRIBUTION” — the action of regarding something as being caused by a person or thing.

In indigenous aboriginal (Potlatch) society, NON-ATTRIBUTION prevails as naturally associates with NONLOCALITY.

“Once I was in Victoria, and I saw a very large house; they told me it was a bank and that the white men place their money there to take care of, and that by-and-by they got it back, with interest. We are Indians and have no such bank; but when we have plenty of money or blankets, we give them away to other chiefs and people, and by-and-by they return them, with interest, and our hearts feel good. Our potlatch is our bank.” [for the full letter and associated context (jailing of first nations people for continuing with the potlatch tradition) see ‘First People First Voices’, edited by Penny Petrone, University of Toronto Press, 1991]

ATTRIBUTION is foundational to the WESTERN CULTURE social system which ‘rewards good’ and ‘punishes bad’.  This assumes that there are ‘good actions and developments’ that can be ATTRIBUTED to specific individuals and ‘bad actions and developments’ that can be ATTRIBUTED to specific individuals.  This is not supported by modern physics nor by indigenous aboriginal cultures, Taoism/Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta, all of which understand reality as inclusion in a transforming relational continuum.

There can be no ATTRIBUTION in a transforming relational continuum.  ATTRIBUTION comes into being by the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING and GRAMMAR; e.g. FIRE BURNS!  John Wilkes Booth kills Abraham Lincoln.

The WEST employs ATTRIBUTION in its reality constructions while the EAST employs it only in its ‘bootstrapping’ or Wittgenstein ladder constructions that are not ‘reality constructions’ but EFFABLE inferences of an INEFFABLE reality that lies innately beyond the reach of language and grammar.  As David Bohm points out, it may be KISS convenient to affirm that John Wilkes Booth killed Abraham Lincoln but the emergent relational developments that constitute reality are far more complex than simple DOUBLE ERROR (NAMING and GRAMMAR) based ATTRIBUTION.  The NAMING and GRAMMAR construction; “Hurricane Katrina’ devastated New Orleans” is a DOUBLE ERROR abstraction as also is ‘John Wilkes Booth’ killed Abraham Lincoln’

As Nietzsche explains (as well as Bohm), reality is inherently NONLOCAL and thus INEFFABLE and we use the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING and GRAMMAR to REDUCE the NONLOCAL to LOCAL so as to deliver a REDUCED but EFFABLE INFERENCE of REALITY.  The ineffable-because-nonlocal DUNING (resonance phenomena) is reduced by NAMING to ‘DUNE’ and given the power of growing and shifting with GRAMMAR so that the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAl resonance phenomena is reduced to the EFFABLE-because-LOCAL.

DOUBLE ERROR reduction pervades WESTERN language and grammar constructions.

The words ‘forgiveness’, ‘production’, ‘consumption’, ‘guilt’, ‘innocence’, ‘growth’, ‘decline’, … take their meaning from ‘the DOUBLE ERROR’ of ‘NAMING’ and ‘GRAMMAR’ which establishes LOCAL SOURCING, or in other words ATTRIBUTION.   (“ATTRIBUTION” — the action of regarding something as being caused by a person or thing.)

ATTRIBUTION is impossible in modern physics and it is not found in the indigenous aboriginal culture, Taoism/Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta, wherein relational TRANSFORMATION  of the all-including Wave-field is the reality of our sensory experience, hence ‘mitakuye oyasin’ (everything is related), or, Heraclitus’ ‘everything is in flux’.

As in Bohm’s example of James Wilkes Booth and the death of Lincoln, they are both included in a sea of transformation, just as the earth’s forests are included in a long hot summer, and then use the DOUBLE ERROR of ‘FIRE BURNS’ which is admittedly LOCAL and thus EFFABLE while the reality is the whole package of the transforming relational continuum that manifests as regional drying and browning of vegetation which is REALLY what is going on which is INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL (implicates the whole universe), and then we say FIRE BURNS which is EFFABLE because LOCAL, which is fine and dandy and useful such DOUBLE ERROR constructs ARE NO SUBSTITUTE FOR REALITY, … they are only INFERENCE of an INEFFABLE reality that lies beyond the reach of EXPLICIT capture in language.

Reality as NONLOCAL and FLUID does NOT support the abstract notion of LOCAL SOURCING, which is nevertheless easily contrived with DOUBLE ERROR based language and grammar construction and which can serve to INFER the INEFFABLE reality that lies beyond the EFFABLE.

As Bohm points out with his example of the death of Abraham Lincoln, there is no real break in the transforming relational dynamic, the  ‘reality’ that includes in its unfolding continuum, the inventing of gunpowder and the gun and the event of John Wilkes Booth pulling the trigger that launched the bullet that killed Lincoln; … so why do we WESTERN CULTURE ADHERENTS believe in a reality we construct by ‘breaking in’ to the transforming relational continuum and INJECTING a LOCAL SOURCING point?

If we didn’t do this, we would have to remain silent;

“7. Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.” (“Wovon man nicht sprechen kann, darüber muss man schweigen”), — Wittgenstein

Wittgenstein’s proposition (6.54) that immediately precedes this 7.0 proposition explains that we have to ‘bootstrap’ or use relational inference to INFER the all-including Wave-field reality because, being a fluid continuum that includes us and everything, it cannot be explicitly articulated; (the Tao that can be told is not the true Tao — Lao Tzu)

6.54 My propositions are elucidatory in this way: he who understands me finally recognizes them as senseless, when he has climbed out through them, on them, over them. (He must so to speak throw away the ladder, after he has climbed up on it.

He must surmount these propositions; then he sees the world rightly.

Ok, that is what bootstrapping is all about; i.e. it is all about having to use INFERENCE to allude to change that one (the observing self) is included in.   In a relational world that we are included in, what we see going on ‘out there’ is not split apart from our own actions since we and everything are included in the Wave-field aka the Tao.

“The world is given to me only once, not one existing and one perceived. Subject and object are only one. The barrier between them cannot be said to have broken down as a result of recent experience in the physical sciences, for this barrier does not exist.” – Erwin Schroedinger

As in Wittgenstein’s final proposition 7.0  in Tractatus… remaining silent is entirely appropriate since reality as inclusion in the transforming relational continuum is a NONLOCAL-hence-INEFFABLE reality.   In order to EFFABLE-ize the relational continuum, we have to invent a way to INJECT a LOCAL discursive starting point and this we do by way of GRAMMAR-INFERRED ATTRIBUTION (credit for the LOCAL SOURCING of actions and developments).

ATTRIBUTION is an abstract concept that is given psychological foundation by way of the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING and GRAMMAR; i.e. NAMING imputes LOCAL thing-in-itself existence to a relational form in the flow (all there is in reality) and GRAMMAR conflates this by imputing the power of SOURCING actions and development to the NAMING-instantiated thing-in-itself.

Nietzsche points out how we build this DOUBLE ERROR into our language with the example; LIGHTNING FLASHES.  With the substituting of the DOUBLE ERROR, the understanding of reality as the transforming relational continuum is abandoned and we refocus on a LOCAL EVENT which is in no way SEPARATE from the mainstream reality, but is instead a subsidiary feature in a FIGURE-and-GROUND-as-ONE sense  Our NAMING and GRAMMAR ‘lift-out’ with LIGHTNING FLASHES lets us start off anew, psychologically, as if LOCAL SOURCING were something REAL rather than this DOUBLE ERROR based abstraction that it is.

Nishitani points out this same DOUBLE ERROR language-and-grammar ploy that reduces the NONLOCAL to LOCAL with the example FIRE BURNS.  TRANSFORMATION with the desiccating of the vegetation over the long hot summer (aka TRANSFORMATION) goes missing as the DOUBLE ERROR has us psychologically pick up our reality conceptualizing in the form of LOCAL phenomena that the DOUBLE ERROR implies.

But “LOCAL” is a psychological abstraction that has no grounding in the reality of our sensory experience in the transforming relational continuum.

One has to admit, however, that ‘LOCAL’ is an abstraction that is immensely useful in the sense that it allows us to render EFFABLE-because-LOCAL the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL.  Thus DUNING (the NONLOCAL resonance phenomenon) becomes ‘the LOCAL DUNE that we employ DOUBLE ERROR representation to say “is growing higher and longer and is shifting across the DESERT FLOOR.

Note that we are forced to split FIGURE and GROUND into TWO when we invent the DUNE as a thing-in-itself, to give the DUNE some ‘PLACE’ to reside in and to perform its GRAMMAR-given actions and developments for us on our conceptualizing mind-screen.  The same follows where we re-cast the HURRICANING (resonance in the transforming flow-continuum) in the reduced-to-LOCAL form of a HURRICANE and the HUMANING (resonance in the transforming flow-continuum) as a LOCAL HUMAN.

EAST and WEST would NOT split apart were it not for us WESTERN CULTURE ADHERENTS’ adoption of a psychological embrace of the DOUBLE ERROR as the foundation FOR REALITY CONSTRUCTION.

That is, THE WEST constructs an abstract PSEUDO-REALITY (unsupported by sensory experience) based on ATTRIBUTION (credit for the LOCAL SOURCING of actions and developments).

The linguo-psychological inserting into the unbounded, ineffable flow, of LOCAL NAMING based objects for ATTRIBUTION of SOURCING of actions and developments opens the way to EFFABLE, REASON-based REPRESENTATIONS of reality.  That is, ‘REASON’ makes dependent use of ATTRIBUTION

“ATTRIBUTION” — the action of regarding something as being caused by a person or thing.

REASON thus ‘has a problem’ in that it ‘infects’ our dialogue with the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING and GRAMMAR.

“In Reason’ in language.– oh what a deceptive old witch it (reason) has been!  I fear we shall never be rid of God, so long as we still believe in grammar.” – Nietzsche, ‘Twilight of the Idols’

REASON builds on ATTRIBUTION which allows the reduction of the NONLOCAL to the LOCAL, and the reduction of FIGURE-and-GROUND-as-ONE to FIGURE-and-GROUND-as-TWO, … opening the way for GRAMMAR-given LIBERATION of the FIGURE from its fluid FIGURE-and-GROUND NONDUALITY and setting us ‘the FIGURE’ (in the psyche) with LOCAL powers of SOURCING actions and developments which is where the abstract notion of ATTRIBUTION comes from.

As Bohm observes, ATTRIBUTION is not possible in the transforming relational continuum

“No single cause-and-effect relationship was ever really separate from the universe as a whole.” – David Bohm, (Bohm quote is from ‘The Holographic Universe’, by Michael Talbot).

ATTRIBUTION, is IMPLICIT in the DOUBLE ERROR construction of NAMING and GRAMMAR; e.g. “Katrina is ravaging New Orleans”.   What happens here is that the double error ‘breaks into the transforming relational continuum’ and breaks out a LOCAL PIECE of it and ATTRIBUTES to the NAMING-instantiated LOCAL PIECE, the power of LOCAL SOURCING of actions and developments.

ATTRIBUTION is another word for DOUBLE-ERROR-based-REDUCTION of the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL-to-the-EFFABLE-because-LOCAL.

REALITY REMAINS INEFFABLE but we can, thanks to the DOUBLE ERROR REDUCTION, which includes LOCAL SOURCING ATTRIBUTION, come up with something (a kind of pseudo-reality-approximation) EFFABLE as a tool for BOOTSTRAPPING an intuitive leap back to the INEFFABLE reality of the transforming relational continuum (e.g ‘the DUNE grows and shifts’ coaches the mind to make the leap back to the intuition of the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL resonance-based transformation).

Here’s where EAST and WEST SPLIT and ‘never the twain shall meet’, because while EAST, along with modern physics, understand this DOUBLE ERROR reduction as a ‘bootstrapping tool’ to infer the INEFFABLE REALITY which lies innately beyond capture by language (since nature is in continual nonlocal flux ).  Meanwhile, words such as NAMES attached to FORMS, concretize those FORMS, and NAMING based rhetoric can only serve as a launching pad for a leap to the INTUITIVE impression of the FLUID, NONLOCAL Wave-field reality).

We may be able to infer the fluid dynamic by pieces of flotsam carried within the flow, as with sandgrains, straw and twigs that give us a visible form we can associate with DUNING even though DUNING is a NONLOCAL RESONANCE phenomenon and what ‘collects within it’ and helps to make it manifest is inherently secondary.  In other words ‘DUNING’ (the nonlocal resonance phenomenon) is PRIMARY while ‘the DUNE’ is a secondary visual impression.

ATTRIBUTION is that psychological impression triggered by the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING and GRAMMAR that allows us to think (“tricks us into thinking”) in terms of ATTRIBUTING to the DUNE’ … “ITS OWN POWERS OF SOURCING” actions and developments.

This TRANSFERRANCE of the POWERS OF SOURCING actions and developments” from purely relational TRANSFORMATION to the DOUBLE ERROR constructs of NAMING and GRAMMAR… REDUCES the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL .. to something EFFABLE-because-LOCAL and thus an abstract STAKE IN THE GROUND to ATTRIBUTE the local powers of sourcing actions and developments; e.g. in the NONLOCAL transformation that manifests as DUNING there is nothing LOCAL to ATTRIBUTE the sourcing of actions and development to, … and it is ATTRIBUTION of the power of SOURCING to some LOCAL agent (all LOCAL AGENTS are FICTIONAL since there is no such thing as LOCAL) that is needed to reduce and re-render the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL as EFFABLE-because-LOCAL.

We can therefore conclude that the abstract concept of ATTRIBUTION, which goes hand-in-glove with the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING and GRAMMAR, is what allows us, psychologically, to ‘break into’ the INEFFABLE-because-NONLOCAL and fluid Wave-field continuum, and abstractly construct something LOCAL to which we can ATTRIBUTE the power of sourcing actions and developments.

While ATTRIBUTION is an ABSTRACTION that goes hand in hand with the DOUBLE ERROR of NAMING-and-GRAMMAR, it nevertheless supports WESTERN CULTURE conceptualizing of reality in terms of a LOCAL SOURCING of actions and developments.

CRIME and PUNISHMENT and VIRTUOUS ACTION and REWARD … DEPEND upon ATTRIBUTION so we have a ‘house of card’ foundation here that serves to sustain the WESTERN CULTURE version of REALITY.  Without ATTRIBUTION, the whole WESTERN CULTURE reality system collapses and without EGO, ATTRIBUTION collapses.

EASTERN NON-Attribution versus WESTERN Attribution is at the bottom of why EAST-is-EAST and WEST-is-WEST and never the twain shall meet.

“ATTRIBUTION” — the action of regarding something as being caused by a person or thing.

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